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Omar Neal: Talk about your experience with The Impressions how you got with them and how that came about.&#13;
&#13;
Curtis Mayfield: Well when I met The Impressions I think I was about 12, 13 years old and actually we started out as The Roosters…&#13;
&#13;
ON: The Roosters..&#13;
&#13;
CM: Fellas out of Chattanooga, TN, came up to Chicago looking for a break and they in turn met Jerry Butler whom I sang with years ago when I was about 7, 8 years old in my grandmother’s church. we were known as the Northern Jubilees. Anyway we somehow, we all hooked up together, I hadn’t seen Jerry in years. And I managed to move to the near north side which was known as Cabrini Green you might have heard about...&#13;
&#13;
ON: Yeah I’ve heard..&#13;
&#13;
CM: Carbrini Green from one of the movies called “Good Times” with  Jay Jay...</text>
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                <text>Curtis Mayfield (b. Jun 3, 1942, d. Dec 26, 1999), singer, composer, member of the original Impressions vocal group, looking back on his history and motivations in 1995. The interviewer was Omar Neal, of 1600 AM WXVI radio in Montgomery Alabama.</text>
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              <text>Transcript of audio snippet: &#13;
&#13;
Lydia Thompson: I guess I could have been nine, so it would've been about '40...'40....about '48, '49, somewhere along there.&#13;
&#13;
Bob Friedman: Mhm&#13;
&#13;
LT: Late '40s, early ‘50s.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Right&#13;
&#13;
LT: And then he left then and went and did WJLD and he stayed there for a long time.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Oh really?&#13;
&#13;
LT: Uh huh, and we were back in the woods up in there.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Up in Homewood?&#13;
&#13;
LT: Yeah, uh huh, cuz the only thing up there was just, drove up and nothing but trees.&#13;
&#13;
BF: (chuckles) Right&#13;
&#13;
LT: And cuz we were little kids and we'd go, you know, we'd go. We had, they'd bring us too. And so we just hung around till he got off. But on Sunday, he had a, um, CIO program. You know, he was vice president of CIO and finally became the first black president and when he did, um, I think they had a show, you know or a religious  show, where they sung, the CIO singers. &#13;
&#13;
BF: Really? see..&#13;
&#13;
LT: Uh huh&#13;
&#13;
BF: And did he... &#13;
&#13;
LT: And I don't have a record of that either cuz they burned up in the house too.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Yeah&#13;
&#13;
LT: Cuz see,  the records had on with the theme song, and it mentioned WJLD on it.&#13;
&#13;
BF: No kidding</text>
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                <text>Reflections on Perry "Tiger" Thompson from his daughter, Lydia Thompson</text>
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                <text>Lydia Thompson (b. Feb 3, 1940, d. Sep 20, 1996), eldest daughter of Perry “Tiger” Thompson (b. 1908, d. Apr 26, 1973), interviewed by telephone over two days regarding Tiger’s history. Ms. Thompson was at home in Bessemer during the call. Tiger Thompson was a radio announcer at WAPI, WBCO, WJLD and WEDR, a boxer, a record producer, a union president and a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama – all in the 1950’s</text>
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Peacolia Barge: I went over there to find that and I was surprised that they did not have any information on him on, in the computer concerning, uh, Negro History Week for the mere fact that he was the first Black to run for lieutenant governor even though he withdrew from it. It was an article in the Birmingham Newspaper. They had that article in there.&#13;
&#13;
Bob Friedman: They did?&#13;
&#13;
PB: Uh, yes its there.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Under the archives?&#13;
&#13;
PB: Uh, its under...its in the archives.&#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
PB: No its not. It’s not downstairs in the archives department.&#13;
&#13;
BF: In Southern Research?&#13;
&#13;
PB: It’s in Southern Research.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Uh huh&#13;
&#13;
PB: On its main floor.&#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
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Lydia Thompson: Cuz I think everybody in our family got a chance to be on the radio.&#13;
&#13;
Bob Friedman: Is that right? &#13;
&#13;
LT: Uh huh. At that time.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Did you get a chance to be on the radio?&#13;
&#13;
LT: Yes I....&#13;
&#13;
BF: How did that happen?&#13;
&#13;
LT: Well sometimes they would have a meetin'. &#13;
&#13;
BF: Mhm&#13;
&#13;
LT: And I’d play those long, uh, LPs and...&#13;
&#13;
BF: He'd just tell ya to...&#13;
&#13;
LT: Uh huh&#13;
&#13;
BF: Go with it.&#13;
&#13;
LT: Yeah just play it. Uh huh.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Uh huh&#13;
&#13;
LT: And sometimes I did get a chance to read a commercial too.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Uh huh&#13;
&#13;
LT: But that would be it you know. I wasn’t very...&#13;
&#13;
BF: So how old were you? when you...&#13;
&#13;
LT: Oh I was a teenager then.&#13;
&#13;
BF: You were a teenager. Reading a commercial on WJLD.&#13;
&#13;
LT: Mhm&#13;
&#13;
BF: (laughs)&#13;
&#13;
LT: And my brother. When he was 4, he had a show of his own.&#13;
&#13;
BF: When he was 4 years old?&#13;
&#13;
LT: Yeah&#13;
&#13;
BF: Four years old?&#13;
&#13;
LT: Four years old. It’s in the Ebony Magazine. They did a write up on him and had him in Ebony magazine.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Really? On what and what, where did he broadcast it?</text>
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Fred Shuttlesworth: As you know there was a lot of political furor going on in the state, and we did not have time to adequately plan for a program, and so we just announced that I felt that I should be allowed to retire from the presidency and turn it over to other hands. I never wanted to play God and I don’t think that I’m invincible. However, since that time there’s been such a terrific response on the part of the local people – in particular, the masses and many of the people who are not…who are a little bit above the masses, we’ll say the classes. They’ve been all of one voice in asking me to stay. Now, my immediate concern is not whether I stay or go; of course, it’s nice to be loved, but it’s better to be needed. It’s better to have something to do; it’s better to have something to commit yourself  to. And that’s my job.</text>
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&#13;
Frank Adams: I started off in elementary school and of course, uh, we started then early. I started around the third grade on the Mr. William Wise Handy, who was the nephew of W.C. Handy. &#13;
&#13;
Bob Friedman: Wow&#13;
&#13;
FA:  …who wrote “The St. Louis Blues” and what I did I, I learned how to play, uh, the little marches and things. And when during the, uh, the Second World War, uh, I was drafted into the Maker Musicians Band, Professor..Whatley, Fess Whatley.&#13;
&#13;
BF: 'Fess Whatley&#13;
&#13;
FA: And my job, now of course is, I’m the director of the education division of the Jazz Hall of Fame. And we have a wonderful person there. Uh, Mr. Ricardo Morris, who is the executive director and it, it goes to say that, uh, history, uh sorta comes together when, you know, that in, in, in Birmingham. Uh, they, uh, so many music teachers involved in fact.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Uh huh&#13;
&#13;
FA: Birmingham has many...music, more music teachers teaching choral and band music than, anybody, any other system.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Is that right?&#13;
&#13;
FA: And they've always had that. That's because the people of Birmingham have always put their interest in music. &#13;
&#13;
BF: Mhm&#13;
&#13;
FA: More so than New Orleans and any other system.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Mhm &#13;
&#13;
FA: So I grew up in, uh, in an environment that was conducive to jazz. And of course as I, I said during that Second World War, Mister Whatley recruited me to his band because all the good musicians were off in the service and...&#13;
&#13;
BF: uh huh&#13;
&#13;
FA: And, and that's the thing I can tell ya about at the Hall of Fame. But it was a terrific experience, uh, playing at, at Mr. Whatley's band.&#13;
&#13;
BF: What year was that?&#13;
&#13;
FA: This was in the ‘40s. This was,  … I finished high school.&#13;
&#13;
BF: You're not, you're not 20 years old yet and you're...&#13;
&#13;
FA: Oh, well. I mean, yeah. I was. This, in Whatley’s band.. I must've been 14, 15 years old.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Oh my goodness.&#13;
&#13;
FA: Yeah. </text>
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Hampton Sides: Anyone who, ya know, followed his movements would know that he was pretty flaky, he was very cagey, he didn't trust anyone or work with anyone. So he doesn't really seem like the kinda guy you would, you would hire for this sort of job.&#13;
&#13;
Bob Friedman: And he was a petty stick up man too and robbed some banks and did some burglaries and that kinda thing. &#13;
&#13;
HS: That was his MO mainly. Some fraud, some stick ups, armed robbery of grocery stores, and ya know, after he and also- ya know, he was a bit of an escape artist. He escaped from this maximum security prison in Missouri and was on the land for about  a year before the assassination. Getting in to all kinds of thing like smuggling and fencing schemes and he says he was doing some gun running. He dabbled with porno. He wanted to because a porn director- livin’ out in Los Angeles. He also took dancing lessons. He graduated from a bartending school. He got into hypnosis. He got a nose job about a month before the assassination. So, ya know, there were a lot of weird things going on in his life in the month leading up to April 4th-&#13;
&#13;
BF: But he's also a white separatist- he's also enamored with George Wallace's presidential campaign, right?&#13;
&#13;
HS: Absolutely. Ya know, even though he's livin’ out in Los Angeles, he's got an ID from Alabama, he's got a car that he purchased right there in Birmingham. And he's working for the Wallace campaign as a volunteer. And writing letters to Rhodesia trying to figure out how he can immigrate there. So ya know there's a lot of, ya know, I think it's very common in all across America to talk about "Ray wasn't a racist." Well, ya know, evidence is very much to the contrary. He was a racist. &#13;
&#13;
BF: Hey let's continue with the calls. Hampton Sides is on the phone, author of Hellhound on His Trail. Let's go here. Good morning you're on the air. &#13;
&#13;
Caller 2: Yes I have a question for the author.&#13;
&#13;
BF: Go right ahead.&#13;
&#13;
Caller 2: Considering that President Kennedy was killed in Dallas and the President that succeeded Johnson was from Texas, do you in your mind, really think that J. Edgar Hoover wouldn't have assisted James Earl Ray in any inadvertent way that he could to  help him to get away with what he'd done? </text>
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Honey Brown: Bruce and them would always say it. “Honey Brown.  The sweetest gal in town.”&#13;
Bob Friedman: Now when was your air shift at WBCO?&#13;
H: You mean the time?&#13;
B: Yeah, when did you go on the air?&#13;
H: Ok.  I went on the air, I think, about 11.  Right after Erskine’s religious program so I think it was 11.  It’s been a long time.  I think it was about 11 because I had a program from 11 to 11:15 giving out recipes.&#13;
B: Uh huh.&#13;
H: 11:15 until about 12 or 12:30, you know, it was just sounds…music.&#13;
B: What kind of music did you play?&#13;
H: Oh, beautiful music, Sarah Vaughn, Billy Eckstine, all the old beautiful songs.&#13;
B: Uh huh.  Mostly jazz artists?&#13;
H: Sometimes on Sunday, ‘cause I had a long program on Sunday, and I would play-just mix it, you know, but during the weekday, because they would get enough blues after I would get off the air, so I played, you know, sentimental music.&#13;
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H: I can’t remember really.  I really can’t.  I can’t give you a date, a year.  We looking at this paper.  1952.  So I had been there a year or maybe longer before that paper came out.&#13;
B: Mmhmm.&#13;
H: Mmhmm.&#13;
B: And you remember William Faush?&#13;
H: Yes.  I started working with William before Erskine came in.&#13;
B: And you remember other people?  Who else was there at the time?&#13;
H: I can’t remember.  I really can’t.  I can’t remember anyone but William, and I don’t know.&#13;
B: Now this paper mentions…How did you get started at BCO?&#13;
H: William Faush called one night.  Made a mistake.  Dialed the wrong number, and I answered the phone.  And he said “what’s your name” and I told him my name was Willa Lee Davis then.  No…yeah, Davis, and he said “ooh, your voice is so pretty.  How would you like to work in a radio station?”  And I thought he was kidding, because I really had never heard that radio station.&#13;
B: Uh huh.&#13;
H: And I said “where are you?” and he said “In Bessemer.”  And he asked me could I come down there, would my uncle carry me down there the following day,</text>
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              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                  <text>All Rights held by The Birmingham Black Radio Museum unless otherwise specified.</text>
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              <text>Transcript from audio snippet:&#13;
&#13;
Bob: That’s one thing that I don’t really understand because when I grew up, when I remember FM coming in in the early ‘60s… but it was around in the late 40s!&#13;
&#13;
Ben: It was late 40s yeah.&#13;
&#13;
Bob: But nobody ever talked about FM. I can’t imagine what it was like… I mean somebody should write a book about the first 10 years of FM… &#13;
&#13;
Ben: that would be fascinating but, sorry to say, there was a lot of stations that went on the air went off.&#13;
&#13;
Bob: I bet. &#13;
&#13;
Ben: Johnston was hot to get on the air that’s one thing that Umbach pointed out to Johnston, he told him FM never going to arrive, FM never going to arrive, he used to say and they were putting up a mailbox up there for that place on the mountain and they were trying to decide what to put on the mailbox and Umbach says,  “put Johnston’s Folly on it.”&#13;
&#13;
Bob: Johnston’s Folly. That’s funny, but JLN, what was it, I have no idea what it playing back in the 40s 1948 it went on the air right?  What did it… simulcast AM or what?&#13;
&#13;
Ben: Some of the time </text>
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                <text>Ben Franklin, Oral History (part 01)</text>
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                <text>Ben Franklin (b. March 12, 1919, Lees Vernon Parish, LA; d. May 10, 1998, Calera, AL) was a radio electronics engineer and eventually a station owner (WBYE in Calera) with a 60 year history in the field. He turned the transmitter of WJLD AM 1400 on for the first time in the spring of 1942 and shared a treasure trove of memories in over 5 hours of interviews. He passed in 1998 and Gary Richardson and Bob Friedman were pall bearers at his funeral. </text>
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                <text>November 03, 1993</text>
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        <name>Bob Umbach</name>
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                    <text>Ben Franklin with Walden Patrick McKim, engineers at the original WJLD transmitter building for the Gary Hotel and Bessemer City Hall sites of WJLD. This building located at Blue Lake, which was an old quarry. Picture circa 1942-44.</text>
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&#13;
Ben: (referring to WJLD AM 1400) Ah, station still in Bessemer then. It was in city hall&#13;
then. And ah Connolly and Umbach got together and Connolly says, I mean Umbach&#13;
says “I’ll play that stuff. Yeah, I’ll play it. Yeah, yeah”.&#13;
Bob: Eh hmmm&#13;
Ben: And ah he figured he could and he…..&#13;
Bob: So did Connolly try to talk him into it?&#13;
Ben: No, No, No….&#13;
Bob: And Umbach agreed or what.&#13;
Ben: It’s worse than that.&#13;
Bob: Ok.&#13;
Ben: They got together and went to Johnston, see, Johnston the second, and ah oh&#13;
hell no he said, Ku Klux cut the tower down…….. They knew what would swing&#13;
Johnston….&#13;
Bob: Eh hmmmm&#13;
Ben: And they went out and sold an hour. Back then they sold strips, didn’t sell spots.&#13;
They sold strips…..&#13;
Bob: Eh hmm, they sold fifteen minute strips or something.&#13;
Ben: Yeah, eh, 25 dollars a week for five fifteen minute strips. They went and sold an&#13;
hour of them, four of them. One sold four in Bessemer on 1st Avenue up there. The&#13;
theater bought one, and ah I forgot who all else there were up there. Sale of four strips.&#13;
They come back and laid 100 dollars on Johnston’s….&#13;
Bob: Johnston had second thoughts by that point.&#13;
Ben: Yeah, and he give in… money talks. Ah, ah, and that’s one of the things that&#13;
started it but he told them “This is just a trial now. We’ll do it for a month.”</text>
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                <text>Engineer Ben Franklin (Ben) continues in this 1993 interview recounting his stories of early Birmingham radio.</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Emily Bibb</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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        <name>Ben Franklin</name>
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        <name>Bessemer City Hall</name>
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      <tag tagId="278">
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      <tag tagId="17">
        <name>Bob Umbach</name>
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      <tag tagId="70">
        <name>Eddie Castleberry</name>
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      <tag tagId="106">
        <name>Gary Hotel</name>
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      <tag tagId="279">
        <name>Jones Auto Parts</name>
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      <tag tagId="79">
        <name>Sam "00" Moore</name>
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      <tag tagId="102">
        <name>Shelley "The Playboy" Stewart</name>
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        <name>Trumon Puckett</name>
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      <tag tagId="334">
        <name>Walden Patrick McKim</name>
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